Regulation of Phosphoinositide-Specific Phospholipase C
Eleven distinct isoforms of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC), that square measure classified into four subfamilies (β, γ, δ, and ∍), are known in mammals. These isozymes turn the reaction of phosphatidylinositol four,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2] to B complex one,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol in response to the activation of quite a hundred completely different cell surface receptors. All PLC isoforms contain X and Y domains, that kind the chemical change core, furthermore as varied mixtures of regulative domains that square measure common to several alternative communication proteins. These regulative domains serve to focus on PLC isozymes to the locality of their substrate or activators through protein-protein or protein-lipid interactions. [1]
Phospholipase A2
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2 catalyzes the reaction of the sn-2 position of membrans glyerophospholipids to liberate arachidonic acid (AA), a precursor of eicosanoids together with prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs). an equivalent reaction additionally produces lysophosholipids, that represent another category of macromolecule mediators. So far, a minimum of nineteen enzymes that posses PLA2 activity are known in mammals. The humour PLA2 (sPLA2) family, within which ten isozymes are known, consists of low-molecular-weight, Ca2+-requring, humour enzymes that are involved during a range of biological processes, like modification of cicosanoid generation, inflammation, host defense, and atheroselecrosis. [2]
High levels of inflammatory phospholipase A2 activity in lumbar disc herniations
Inflammation of neural components is usually mentioned clinically in association with body part radiculopathy. Mechanical embarrassment of neural components by determinable structural abnormalities is insufficient as a sole rationalization of nerve injury during this condition. the aim of this study was to demonstrate whether or not Associate in Nursing catalyst marker for inflammation (phospholipase A2) can be known in human disc samples removed at surgery for radiculopathy thanks to body part disc sickness. Samples were assayed for phospholipase A2 activity. the extent of activity within the disc samples was compared with values obtained from alternative human tissues exploitation an equivalent assay. [3]
Regulation of Eicosanoid Production: Role of Phospholipases and Inhibitors
The management of autacoid and leukotriene synthesis in inflammatory and different cells depends on the accelerator unharness of free arachidonic acid from the sn-2 position of membrane phospholipids. though many sorts of phospholipases are involved, a phospholipase A2 is that the simplest and most evident candidate for the accountable accelerator. Studies on the phospholipase A2 from venom and class duct gland offer a paridigm for the phospholipases chargeable for arachidonic acid unharness. [4]
Decreased Expression of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 in Normal Conjunctiva May be Contributing to the Formation of Pterygium
Aim: though there has been in progress proof concerning the role of inflammation within the pathophysiology of conjunctiva, precise inflammatory pathologic process isn’t best-known. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) is Associate in Nursing inflammatory catalyst taking a job in varied physiological and pathological responses. the current study aimed to analyze the expression of cPLA2 in human conjunctiva tissues. [5]
Reference
[1] Rhee, S.G. and Bae, Y.S., 1997. Regulation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C isozymes. Journal of biological chemistry, 272(24), pp.15045-15048. (Web Link)
[2] Murakami, M. and Kudo, I., 2002. Phospholipase A2. The journal of biochemistry, 131(3), pp.285-292. (Web Link)
[3] Saal, J.S., Franson, R.C., Dobrow, R.O.B.E.R.T., Saal, J.A., White, A.H. and Goldthwaite, N.O.E.L., 1990. High levels of inflammatory phospholipase A2 activity in lumbar disc herniations. Spine, 15(7), pp.674-678. (Web Link)
[4] Regulation of Eicosanoid Production: Role of Phospholipases and Inhibitors
Edward A. Dennis
Bio/Technologyvolume 5, pages1294–1300 (1987) (Web Link)
[5] Duman, R., Demirciler Yavaş, B., Duman, R. and Tosun, M. (2018) “Decreased Expression of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 in Normal Conjunctiva May be Contributing to the Formation of Pterygium”, Ophthalmology Research: An International Journal, 8(3), pp. 1-5. doi: 10.9734/OR/2018/39923. (Web Link)