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Latest Research News on Soil Enzyme: Dec – 2019

December 20, 2019 by Editor NetKumar

Field management effects on soil enzyme activities

There is growing recognition for the necessity to develop sensitive indicators of soil quality that reflect the consequences of land management on soil and assist land managers in promoting long-term sustainability of terrestrial ecosystems. Eleven soil enzymes assays were investigated relative to soil management and soil quality at two study sites. Soils were sampled from the Vegetable Crop Rotation Plots (VRP) (established in 1989 in humid western Oregon) which compared continuous fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and 4 winter crop treatments in annual rotation with a summer vegetable crop. The second site was the Residue Utilization Plots (RUP) (initiated in 1931 in semi-arid Eastern Oregon) which is under a winter wheat–summer fallow and compared inorganic N, manure and beef manure treatments. [1]

Stoichiometry of soil enzyme activity at global scale

Extracellular enzymes are the proximate agents of organic matter decomposition and measures of those activities are often used as indicators of microbial nutrient demand. We conducted a global‐scale meta‐analysis of the seven‐most widely measured soil enzyme activities, using data from 40 ecosystems. The activities of β‐1,4‐glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, β‐1,4‐N‐acetylglucosaminidase and phosphatase g−1 soil increased with organic matter concentration; leucine aminopeptidase, phenol oxidase and peroxidase activities showed no relationship. All activities were significantly associated with soil pH. Specific activities, i.e. activity g−1 soil organic matter, also varied in reference to soil pH for all enzymes. Relationships with mean annual temperature (MAT) and precipitation (MAP) were generally weak. [2]

Soil microbial biomass and selected soil enzyme activities: Effect of fertilization and cropping practices

Selected microbiological properties of soils receiving different fertilizer management regimes were studied from adjoining wheat farms within the highly productive Palouse region of eastern Washington. Since 1909, the sole N input to the soil of Farm Management System 1 has been through leguminous manure crops consisting last of Austrian winter peas (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense L., Poir), plus native soil fertility for N and every one other plant nutrients. The soil of Farm Management System 2 received regular applications of anhydrous ammonia, P and S at recommended rates for the last 30 yr. [3]

Impact of continuous Panax notoginseng plantation on soil microbial and biochemical properties

Panax notoginseng may be a highly regarded medicinal plant that has been cultivated for quite 400 years in Southwest China. The obstacles related to the continual cropping of P. notoginseng are the best issues for the event this plant. within the present study, the micro-ecologies of soils differing within the duration of P. notoginseng planting were compared, the results of which could provide important information to assist in solving the issues related to the continual cropping of P. notoginseng. Soils during which P. notoginseng had grown for 1, 3 or 5 years, also as unplanted or fallow soil, which had a P. notoginseng planting interval of 1, 3, 6 or 9 years, were collected in Yunnan, China. [4]

Correlation of Methanotrophs and Soil Enzymes with Available Nutrients in Long Term Green Manured Rice Rhizospheric Soil

The indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture decreases the soil fertility also as soil health and their adverse effects are clearly visible on soil microflora, soil function and structure. This scenario necessitates the necessity to adopt the integrated organic farming which maintains the soil health and sustainability. So, this study was conducted during kharif season 2013 at Department of Microbiology and Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, India to assess the effect of manure application along side variations in plant density on methanotrophic populations, soil enzymatic activity and their correlation with available nutrient status of the soil. [5]

Reference

[1] Bandick, A.K. and Dick, R.P., 1999. Field management effects on soil enzyme activities. Soil biology and biochemistry, 31(11), (Web Link)

[2] Sinsabaugh, R.L., Lauber, C.L., Weintraub, M.N., Ahmed, B., Allison, S.D., Crenshaw, C., Contosta, A.R., Cusack, D., Frey, S., Gallo, M.E. and Gartner, T.B., 2008. Stoichiometry of soil enzyme activity at global scale. Ecology letters, 11(11), (Web Link)

[3] Bolton Jr, H., Elliott, L.F., Papendick, R.I. and Bezdicek, D.F., 1985. Soil microbial biomass and selected soil enzyme activities: effect of fertilization and cropping practices. Soil biology and Biochemistry, 17(3), (Web Link)

[4] Impact of continuous Panax notoginseng plantation on soil microbial and biochemical properties
Yu Zhang, Yujie Zheng, Pengguo Xia, Lulu Xun & Zongsuo Liang
Scientific Reports volume 9, (Web Link)

[5] Kaur, J., Gosal, S. K. and Walia, S. S. (2017) “Correlation of Methanotrophs and Soil Enzymes with Available Nutrients in Long Term Green Manured Rice Rhizospheric Soil”, Microbiology Research Journal International, 19(4), (Web Link)

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