Phytochemical screening and anti-inflammatory evaluation of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla Linn (Euphorbiaceae)
Euphobia heterophylla may be a native healthful plant employed in ethnomedicine for the treatment of constipation, respiratory disease and respiratory disease. The binary compound boiling and therefore the methanolic extracts were subjected to anti-inflammatory drug activity mistreatment experimental animal model, within the presence of the positive management medication. The inflammation was induced by carraegenean. From the results obtained the binary compound extract showed vital activity (P < zero.001) equivalent to the reference drug used. At the various dose vary used (50, a hundred and a hundred and fifty mg/kg), there was no vital variations in their anti-inflammatory drug activity thence they weren’t dose-dependent. However, the methanolic extract failed to show any considerable activity (20-24% inhibition) and were conjointly not dose-dependent. The results of the study showed the justification of the employment of the plant within the treatment of disease conditions, and therefore the active chemical constituents once isolated are going to be accessorial to this anti-inflammatory drug agents. [1]
Euphorbia heterophylla: a Review of Distribution, Importance and Control
Euphorbia heterophylla Linn., usually referred to as wild Euphorbia pulcherrima, is widespread within the tropics. It happens as a serious weed in six tropical countries, a crucial weed in twenty two tropical countries and is gift in a very additional thirty seven countries. It causes serious loss of yield and quality in a very big selection of crops because it competes with success by growing quickly and forming a dense cover over the crop. Dormancy is a crucial consider the persistence of seed reservoirs within the soil and yankee and Nigerian work show light-weight and temperature are important factors in germination. Pre-emergence herbicides don’t offer effective control for the full season and because the weed becomes larger it’s tougher to regulate with post-emergence herbicides. normally the phenoxy-type herbicides offer effective management, the triazines, ureas and uracils are variable and therefore the acetanilides and anilines are poor. [2]
Multiple Resistance of Acetolactate Synthase and Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors in Euphorbia heterophylla Biotypes
Resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in Brazil has been documented for 6 species. The likelihood to pick out biotypes of spurge (EPPHL) with multiple resistance will increase within the same order of magnitude because the use of different herbicides happiness to only 1 mechanism of action. The objectives of this work were to guage the distribution of resistant populations (R) within the states of the Parana River and Santa Catarina; to see the existence of populations of EPHHL with multiple resistance to ALS and PROTOX inhibitors, and to verify the prevalence of cross resistance to compounds of those mechanisms of action. Seeds of EPHHL of areas with suspected resistance had been sampled in ninety seven places throughout 2003. within the greenhouse experiment samples of every population were sprayed with imazethapyr or fomesafen, at only 1 rate. [3]
Target site as the main mechanism of resistance to imazamox in a Euphorbia heterophylla biotype
Euphorbia heterophylla could be a weed species that invades in depth crop areas in subtropic regions of Brazil. This species was antecedently controlled by imazamox, however the continual use of this weedkiller has designated for resistant biotypes. 2 biotypes of E. heterophylla from southern Brazil, one resistant (R) and one vulnerable (S) to imazamox, were compared. The resistance of the R genotype was confirmed by dose-response assays since it needed 1250.2 g ai ha−1 to scale back the recent weight by five hundredth versus seven.4 g ai ha−1 for the S genotype. The acetolactate synthase (ALS) protein activity was studied victimization ALS-inhibiting herbicides from 5 totally different chemical families. [4]
Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Tithonia diversifolia against Some Microorganisms
Aims: to see the medicine activities of methanolic extracts of paint leaf and flower diversifolia on clinical isolates.
Place and length of Study: The study was dispensed at Afe Babalola University and also the plants were collected from the field. The isolates used were collected from Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ekiti state.
Methodology: Methanolic extracts of paint leaf and flower diversifolia leaves were obtained by cold extraction technique. The activity of the extracts were tested on staphylococci aureus from skin, staphylococci aureus from infection of the tract (RTI), enteric bacteria pnuemoniae, eubacterium pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, genus Pseudomonas aeruginosa and salmonella mistreatment agar well diffusion technique on Mueller Hinton Agar. [5]
Reference
[1] Falodun, A., Okunrobo, L.O. and Uzoamaka, N., 2006. Phytochemical screening and anti-inflammatory evaluation of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla Linn (Euphorbiaceae). African Journal of Biotechnology, 5(6), (Web Link)
[2] Wilson, A.K., 1981. Euphorbia heterophylla: a review of distribution, importance and control. International Journal of Pest Management, 27(1), (Web Link)
[3] Trezzi 1*, M.M., Felippi 1, C.L., Mattei 1, D., Silva 1, H.L., Nunes 1, A.L., Debastiani 1, C., Vidal 2, R.A. and Marques 1, A., 2005. Multiple resistance of acetolactate synthase and protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors in Euphorbia heterophylla biotypes. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, 40(1), (Web Link)
[4] Target site as the main mechanism of resistance to imazamox in a Euphorbia heterophylla biotype
Antonia M. Rojano-Delgado, João M. Portugal, Candelario Palma-Bautista, Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz, Joel Torra, Esteban Alcántara & Rafael De Prado
Scientific Reports volume 9, Article number: 15423 (2019) (Web Link)
[5] A. Oso, B. and A. Ogunnusi, T. (2017) “Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Tithonia diversifolia against Some Microorganisms”, European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 20(3), (Web Link)