Four-dimensional (Minkowski) spacetime is purely mathematical and has no practical application. Time is an abstract measurement of motion and events that occur in three dimensions. It is impossible to extract nonphysical time from three-dimensional space and project it onto a
Read MoreThe science of logic is the study of reasoning, proof, and validity. This is the first research to use rigorous logical analysis to examine eight popular astrophysical ideas. The following cosmological theories are hereby declared invalid due to multiple false
Read MoreThis study investigates and reports on a number of scientific and mathematical flaws that, taken together, have resulted in a widely held understanding of the universe that is significantly incorrect. Current accepted astrophysics has created an extensive network of hypotheses
Read MoreThe physical quantity of immanence is introduced and applied, allowing for a more full comprehension of effect. In mathematical formulations, the complementary co-factors of information and immanence are presented as the source and result of the thermodynamic effect, respectively. As
Read MoreThe prevailing assumption for nearly a century has been that the universe was created by a big bang singularity. This speculative occurrence is an impossibility that has only become a well-established belief due to a basic scientific inaccuracy that few
Read MoreThe prevailing assumption for nearly a century has been that the universe was created by a big bang singularity. This speculative occurrence is an impossibility that has only become a well-established belief due to a basic scientific inaccuracy that few
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