Tumour invasion and matrix metalloproteinases Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes which play a major role in tumour invasion. They are mainly produced by host stromal cells in most carcinomas and their expression implies a close co-operation between tumour and
Read MoreRadiation oncology: a century of achievements Over the twentieth century the discipline of radiation oncology has developed from an experimental application of X-rays to a highly sophisticated treatment of cancer. Experts from many disciplines — chiefly clinicians, physicists and biologists
Read MoreThe evolution of cancer surgery and future perspectives Surgery is the oldest oncological discipline, dating back thousands of years. Prior to the advent of anaesthesia and antisepsis 150 years ago, only the brave, desperate, or ill-advised patient underwent surgery because
Read MorePrimary liver cancer: Worldwide incidence and trends Estimates from the year 2000 indicate that liver cancer remains the fifth most common malignancy in men and the eighth in women worldwide. The number of new cases is estimated to be 564,000
Read MoreThe biology of breast carcinoma The biology of breast carcinoma is complex, with multiple factors contributing to its development and progression. The current review focuses on the role of several critical genes including estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, retinoic acid receptor-β,
Read MoreThyroid cancer Four types of thyroid cancer comprise more than 98% of all thyroid malignancies. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) may have a very benign course while undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma (UTC) belongs to the most aggressive human malignancies. A variety of
Read MoreScreening for lung cancer. A critique of the mayo lung project The National Cancer Institute of the United States recently sponsored three large-scale, randomized controlled trials of screening for early lung cancer. The trials were conducted at the Johns Hopkins
Read MoreProspective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in United States women, accounting for >40,000 deaths each year. These breast tumors are comprised of phenotypically diverse populations of breast cancer cells. Using a model
Read MoreInhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis suppresses tumour growth in vivo THE development of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) is required for many physiological processes including embryogenesis, wound healing and corpus luteum formation1,2. Blood vessel neoformation is also important in
Read MoreThe epidemiology of skin cancer Melanoma and non‐melanoma (basal and squamous cell carcinoma) skin cancer (NMSC) are now the most common types of cancer in the white populations and the incidence of skin cancer has reached epidemic proportions. According to
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